Definition

• Diabetes insipidus (DI) is caused by decreased secretion or action of arginine vasopressin (AVP), resulting in the production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine.
  • 24-hour urine volume is > 50 mL/kg body weight.
  • Urine osmolarity is < 300 mosmol/L.
• Neurohypophyseal DI is caused by deficient AVP secretion from the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary).
• Nephrogenic DI is caused by defective AVP action to reabsorb water via the renal collecting tubules.

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