Diagnostic Approach
- Nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis is diagnosed when Salmonella is cultured from stool.
- All salmonellae isolated in clinical laboratories should be sent to the local public health department.
- In cases where there is concern about bacteremia (i.e., those including prolonged or recurrent fever), blood cultures are indicated.
- If high-grade bacteremia (>50% of three or more blood cultures positive):
- Endovascular infection is possible.
- Further evaluation to identify a source is indicated.
- Depending on clinical symptoms and on whether metastatic disease is suspected, other body fluids should be cultured.
- Joint fluid
- Cerebrospinal fluid
- Pleural fluid
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